Background
The Metabolism & Obesity Service (MOS) provides two outpatient group programs for obesity management, the ‘Rapid Program’ that uses a very low energy meal replacement diet and the ‘Bodylines’ lifestyle program. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in the transition of these programs from in-person group sessions to online group videoconferences.. Previous literature has suggested comparable weight loss outcomes with technology-based approaches but there is limited research in the group setting.
Aims
To compare weight outcomes and engagement of the MOS online group-based weight management programs with their in-person equivalent programs.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of clinical data from the 2017-2018 (in-person) and 2021-2022 (online) cohorts attending the MOS group programs was performed. The primary outcomes were weight change at 3, 6 and 12 months. The secondary outcomes were engagement-related measures at these timepoints.
Results
At three months, the online cohort had a significantly higher average weight loss than the in-person cohort (-4.8% vs. -3.3%, P = .032) with older age being predictive of greater weight loss. At six and 12 months, the two cohorts did not differ significantly in weight loss outcomes. The online and in-person cohorts engaged similarly among those who started with the Rapid program, with inconclusive results from those who started with the Bodylines program. Among the Bodylines-first participants, the online cohort had a lower percentage program completion (38.6 ± 37.9% vs. 55.1± 40.6%, P < .001) but a higher number of sessions attended (5.1 ± 5.3 vs. 3.3 ± 2.4, P = .007) compared with the in-person cohort, likely due to changes to the Bodylines program structure. The cohorts did not differ significantly in number of months attending MOS.
Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate the on-line MOS programs may be as effective as the in-person programs, providing an opportunity to improve service reach to more underserved communities.